LSAY QuickStats

Introduction

LSAY QuickStats provides quick and simple access to data about young people from the Longitudinal Surveys of Australian Youth (LSAY). Data are presented as a series of tables and charts and includes information on education and employment pathways, as well as social indicators on living arrangements and satisfaction with life. Data are organised by wave/year, beginning with the first wave of data collection (e.g. 1/2006) through to the final or most recent wave (e.g. 11/2016). For those interested in particular groups of young people, data can be filtered by a range of demographic variables.

To get the most out of LSAY QuickStats, please refer to Using LSAY QuickStats. Variable definitions can be found in the Glossary. For information on how to access the unit record data see How to access LSAY data.

If you have any feedback, suggestions or requests, please email lsay@ncver.edu.au.

The LSAY cohorts

LSAY respondents come from a nationally representative sample of young people. Survey participants (collectively known as a ‘cohort’) enter the study at age 15 years (or as was the case in the earlier cohorts, when they were in Year 9). Individuals are contacted once a year until they are 25 years old.

Studies began in 1995 (Y95 cohort), 1998 (Y98 cohort), 2003 (Y03 cohort), 2006 (Y06 cohort), 2009 (Y09 cohort) and more recently in 2015 (Y15 cohort). About 14,000 students start out in each cohort.

Important

  • For optimal viewing, users are encouraged to download the latest version of  the Microsoft Edge browser.
  • When using LSAY QuickStats for the first time, users may be prompted to log in by their browser or by SAS Visual Analytics. In such instances, select 'cancel' or 'Log in as Guest' to continue to the product.

Previous summary reports describing the activity of each cohort up to the 2005 waves can be accessed by going to cohort summaries.

Features

LSAY QuickStats replaces the previous cohort reports and largely presents the same information, with a few exceptions.

What's new?

LSAY QuickStats has a number of features:

  • charts graphically represent change over time - mouse over for detailed information
  • filter on up to 11 variables simultaneously
  • tables and charts update automatically based on user selections
  • all data for a given cohort conveniently contained in a single report
  • weighted number of respondents provided for each estimate
  • socioeconomic status now available.

What's changed?

Compared with the previous cohort reports, LSAY QuickStats:

  • uses sample sizes to report on the reliability of the estimates, rather than relative standard errors
  • for variables with large numbers of categories, some categories have been combined in order to simplify the data
  • can no longer export the data to Excel.

It is anticipated that the ability to export data from LSAY QuickStats to Excel or other applications will be made available in a future release. For assistance with printing, please see Using LSAY QuickStats.

TECHNICAL NOTES

Sample selection

Each LSAY cohort consists of a sample of young Australians and follows them annually from when they are 15 years old (or in Year 9 as was the case for Y95 and Y98 cohorts) for at least 10 years. Data for the first wave are collected through a combination of school achievement tests and a questionnaire administered at school. Data for subsequent waves are gathered through annual telephone or online interviews.  Since 2003, the initial survey wave has been integrated with the OECD triennial Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA). More than 10,000 students start out in each cohort. Respondents can miss more than one non-consecutive interview and still remain in the survey.

Due to population shifts over time and survey attrition, care needs to be taken when comparing individual cohorts against other samples which have been drawn from different populations. For example, it can be misleading to compare the Y03 cohort at wave 3 in 2005 (who are, on average 17 years old) against 17-year-olds from other surveys in the same year.

Information about the LSAY sample design can be found in the LSAY user guide series.

LSAY weightings

Survey responses are weighted to population benchmarks to account for the survey being undertaken as a sample rather than the entire target population.

Two weighting procedures are applied to the LSAY data presented: sample weights and attrition weights.

Sample weights

Sample weights reflect the original sample design and ensure that the sample matches the population from which it was drawn.

For each cohort, post-stratification weights are applied to adjust for sample selection procedures that allowed for oversampling in smaller states and territories. For example, students from states and territories with smaller numbers of students are over-sampled and students from states with larger numbers of students are under-sampled. In order for the sample to more accurately represent the population of Australian students, the sample is weighted so that sample sizes within strata are proportionate to the population sizes of the strata.

In the case of the Y95 and Y98 cohorts, the sample weights sum to the sample size for each wave. From Y03 onwards, the weighting strategy was improved and the weights sum to the original population from which the sample was drawn in wave 1.

Attrition weights

Attrition weights account for non-random respondent attrition. As expected, sample attrition does not occur uniformly across social groups. Attrition weights account for different groups of people dropping out of the survey at different rates.

In the case of the Y95 and Y98 cohorts, LSAY attrition weights are based on overall achievement quartiles and gender, and reweight to wave 1.

From Y03 onwards, instead of relying on overall achievement quartiles and gender as the main predictors of attrition, a non-response analysis was undertaken to determine the factors that contributed to attrition. These factors were then used to calculate attrition weights for both the attrition from PISA to LSAY, and wave-on-wave attrition.

Final weights

The final LSAY weights for each wave combine the sampling and attrition weights. Despite attempts to counteract attrition bias, users must be aware that survey drop out may not be fully accounted for in the attrition weights for all sub-populations. To allow users to determine the effectiveness of the attrition weights, data in the demographic tables are presented both weighted and unweighted.

More information about the weighting procedures used can be found in the LSAY user guide series.

Reliability estimates

The standard error is widely used when considering the reliability of an estimate. The greatest contributor to standard error is the sample size. Small sample sizes result in high standard errors and wide confidence intervals therefore reducing the reliability of an estimate.  To account for the reliability of the data, estimates obtained from sample sizes of less than 20 respondents are highlighted in red text, and their weighted sample size is suppressed. This is particularly important when applying filters to the tables.

Rounding policy

NCVER's policy is that all data contained in tables, including table totals, are based on the underlying data. Therefore in some instances the sum of the rounded data may not equal the table totals.

UPDATES

This page is updated when changes are made to LSAY QuickStats. If you have any questions or suggestions about any of the information provided, please contact us at lsay@ncver.edu.au.

September 2023

Y15 cohort

Updated with data from the 2022 (wave 8) surveys.

September 2022

Y15 cohort

Updated with data from the 2021 (wave 7) surveys. Revisions and corrections were made to the following variables:

  • Education: Completed Yr 12 or certificate II or higher and Completed Yr 12 or certificate III or higher (waves 3-6); Current qualification level, Study mode and Study status in bachelor degree or higher (wave 6)
  • Employment: Labour force status, Full-time or part-time employment status, Permanent or casual employment, Occupation (1 digit ANZSCO), Average weekly pay, Average hourly pay and Average weekly hours (wave 2); Job mobility during last year (wave 3); Status in apprenticeship/traineeship (waves 5-6)
  • Living arrangements: Marital status (waves 4-6)

Further details are available from the appendix of the Y15 user guide.

August 2021

Y15 cohort

Updated with data from the 2020 (wave 6) surveys. Revisions and corrections were made to the following variables:

  • Education: Current qualification level, Study status in VET, Study status in bachelor degree or higher and Study mode (wave 5)
  • Employment: Full-time or part-time employment status (wave 5)
  • Living arrangements: Marital status (waves 4-5)

Further details are available from the appendix of the Y15 user guide.

December 2020

Y15 cohort

Updated with data from the 2019 (wave 5) surveys.

To improve the consistency with the way measures have been calculated when compared across survey waves and cohorts, some revisions have been made. The measures affected are summarised below and further details are available from the appendix of the Y15 user guide.

  • Education: Study status in VET and Highest qualification completed (waves 3 and 4) and Completed Yr 12 or certificate II or higher (wave 3)
  • Employment: Labour force status, Status in apprenticeship/traineeship, Job mobility during last year and Any spell of unemployment during last year (waves 3 and 4); Occupation (1 digit ANZSCO) (wave 2)

October 2020

Y98 cohort

To improve the consistency with the way measures have been calculated when compared across survey waves and cohorts, a number of revisions have been made. The measures affected are summarised below and further details are available from the appendix of the Y98 user guide.

  • Education: Current qualification level, Study status in VET, Study mode, Completed Yr 12 or certificate II or higher, Completed Yr 12 or certificate III or higher, Highest qualification completed
  • Employment: Labour force status, Full-time or part-time employment status, Permanent or casual employment, Job mobility during last year, Occupation (1 digit ANZSCO), Average hourly pay, Average weekly pay, Average weekly hours worked

June 2020

Y09 cohort

  • Updated with data from the final survey (wave 11, 2019).

Y06 cohort

  • Status in apprenticeship/traineeship, Study status in VET, Highest qualification completed, Study status in bachelor degree or higher, Completed Yr 12 or certificate II or higher and Completed Yr 12 or certificate III or higher (wave 11)
    • At the time of their final survey, a number of respondents reported having completed additional qualifications (including apprentice/traineeships) not reported in previous survey waves. These were incorrectly excluded from the derivations. This has now been corrected and any historical qualifications or apprentice/traineeships reported at the final survey have now been included in the derivations.

Y03 cohort

  • Study status in VET (wave 11)
    • At the time of their final survey, a number of respondents reported having completed additional VET qualifications (including apprentice/traineeships) not reported in previous survey waves. These qualifications were incorrectly excluded from the derivation. This has now been corrected and any historical VET qualifications or apprentice/traineeships completed and reported in the final survey have now been included in the derivation.

December 2019

Y15 cohort

  • Updated with data from the 2018 (wave 4) surveys. Data does not include results from the top-up sample of Year 12 students recruited at wave 3. More information about the top-up sample is available from the Y15 user guide.
  • Status in apprenticeship/traineeship, Study status in VET, Current qualification level, Highest qualification completed, Study mode, Completed Yr 12 or certificate II or higher and Completed Yr 12 or certificate III or higher (wave 3)
    • At wave 3 (2017), those who commenced an apprenticeship or traineeship while at school and then left school and continued their apprenticeship/traineeship were derived as having never commenced an apprenticeship/traineeship. This also applied to VET study. A subset of those continuing VET commenced while at school after leaving school were also derived as not studying for a qualification.
  • Minor adjustments were made to weight variables from previous waves to account for variation in the sample as a result of respondents from the top-up sample completing an LSAY interview for the first time in wave 4 (2018).
  • The '98 Don't know' category in Employment - satisfaction has been relabelled '98 Not applicable/Prefer not to say'.

August 2019

Y09 cohort

  • Updated with data from the 2018 (wave 10) surveys.

December 2018

Y15 cohort

  • Updated with data from the 2017 (wave 3) surveys. Data does not include results from the top-up sample of Year 12 students recruited at wave 3.
  • Current qualification level, Study status in VET, Study status in bachelor degree or higher, Study mode, Completed Yr 12 or certificate II or higher, Completed Yr 12 or certificate III or higher, Highest qualification completed and Status in apprenticeship/traineeship (wave 2)
    • At wave 2 (2016), the derivations for these measures included (non-school) qualifications undertaken while at school. For consistency with the other LSAY cohorts, these measures have been modified to only include (non-school) qualifications undertaken while not at school.
  • Any spell of unemployment during last year (wave 2)
    • Some respondents who reported that they did not have a job and were looking for work at the time of their interview were categorised as not having experienced a spell of unemployment during the year, due to reporting having worked at some point during the month of their interview. This has been corrected such that anyone unemployed at the time of their interview (i.e. not working and looking for work) is now classified as having experienced a spell of unemployment during the year.

Important note: A higher than usual proportion of Y15 respondents at wave 3 completed their surveys between December 2017 and February 2018. When comparing with previous years and cohorts, this is likely to affect figures for employment and study status in particular.

July 2018

Y03 cohort

  • All respondents were incorrectly assigned to the ‘Not asked’ category for the ‘Life satisfaction’ measures and waves outlined below. This has now been corrected.
    • The work you do at study, at home or in a job (wave 3)
    • How you get on with people (wave 3)
    • Your social life (wave 5)
    • Your life at home (wave 7).

Y95 cohort

  • All respondents were incorrectly assigned to the ‘Not asked/Not applicable’ category for the measure Employment - satisfaction: Your opportunities for promotion at wave 6. This has now been corrected.

June 2018

Y09 cohort

  • Updated with data from the 2017 surveys.

Y95 and Y98 cohorts

  • Respondents have been re-assigned a new socioeconomic status to account for a typographical error impacting 607 individuals in Y95 and a publication error in the ANU status scales affecting 4 individuals in Y98.

September 2017

Y15 cohort

  • LSAY QuickStats for the Y15 cohort published for the first time.

Y03, Y06 and Y09 cohorts

  • In the Demographics section, the Socioeconomic Status table was incorrectly displaying the values for reading achievement. This has now been corrected. Please note that the Socioeconomic Status filters in the other section were not affected and displayed the correct values.

June 2017

Y06 and Y09 cohorts

  • Updated with data from the 2016 surveys.

April 2017

Employment - income and hours worked (all cohorts)

  • Average weekly pay
    • Changes have been made to the weighted sample/population estimate (N) value, but no change has been made to the average weekly pay reported. N was updated to report those with a valid value for average weekly pay (i.e. average weekly pay not missing). Previously N reported those with a valid value for both average weekly pay and average hourly pay (i.e. average weekly pay AND average hourly pay not missing).
  • Average hourly pay
    • Changes have been made to the weighted sample/population estimate (N) value, but no change has been made to the average hourly pay reported. N was updated to report those with a valid value for average hourly pay (i.e. average hourly pay not missing). Previously N reported those with a valid value for both average weekly pay and average hourly pay (i.e. average weekly pay AND average hourly pay not missing).
  • Average weekly hours worked
    • Changes have been made to the weighted sample/population estimate (N) value, but no change has been made to the average weekly hours worked reported. N was updated to report those with a valid value for average weekly hours worked (i.e. average weekly hours worked not missing). Previously N reported the total weighted sample/population estimate.

February 2017

LSAY QuickStats first published.